The Level Of Education System Between India

The Level Of Education System Between India The project provides valuable information on the research work undertaken on the subject To know the difference between the level of education system between UK and India as a part of country report work during semester abroad programme (SAP). The research was conducted on the basis of primary data and secondary data. A questionnaire was structured to obtain desired information. With the sample size of 50 personal interviews was conducted in Student mansion and Birkeck University to know what perspective do the Indian students have towards the education level of both India as well as UK and a basic secondary research was undertaken to understand the education level of both India as well as UK. The data collected was tabulated, analyzed and then followed by findings and recommendations. The study suggested that although the study material is the same in both the countries but the pattern of teaching differs. Thus the Indian students who come to UK to study has an opinion that the stud ies conducted here are more practical based and gives them a greater insight and understanding. INTRODUCTION This report pertains to the country report which was a part of the Semester abroad proramme (SAP) provided by Amity London Business School. The basic purpose of this country report is to provide students with an exposure of analyzing the country, to identify variations in both the countries that is in India and UK and thus choosing a topic of their interest in order to conduct a research. With the help of this country report students develop different skills in terms of creative thinking, communication skills, behavioral skills, technical skills, interpersonal skills, etc. thus the institute has provided students to do a country report. The country report was conducted on to know the difference between the education system between India and UK. The word education has arrived from the world educere which means to bring about what is already in. As Swami Vivekananda said, Education is the manifestation of perfection, already present in man. The basic purpose of education is to notice talent proactively and the purpose of school education is to guide the childs discovery of himself, to identify and nurture his potential to the fullest. Teachers must perceive children as seeds to be nurtured and not as clay to be molded. They must act as gardeners and not as potters. This attitude must be change and if it does so would the education system. It is very essential that education should be based on application and intelligence instead of trying to test the memory of knowledge. Memory doesnt have much relevance in todays times given the volume of information which is available on the internet. It is the application of information that matters and to be tested. Students must be taught the difference between being wise and being knowledgeable; being well informed and being intelligent. People must be cautious of Information pollution which comes along with globalization and which often blurs the difference between knowledge and wisdom. The education system must encourage the students to imagine and invent and not reinvent the same wheel. Each students imagination is different and, therefore, he has to be guided correctly to choose his occupation in life. There is no denying in the fact that a person who has found his vocation in life is a blessed human being. Education in India: A superior education system is of primary importance to a nation and for a nation like India which is growing, it is of great importance to reflect on our present education system and incorporate sustainable changes in it, to make it compatible with the global dynamism. The education which is been provided in India is via Public sector and Private Sector, which is been controlled and funded by three levels i.e. the central, state and Local. The University of Nalanda is the oldest system of education in the world. Majority of the universities in India are been controlled by the Union and the state government. Western education became more embedded into Indian society with the establishment of the British Raj. India has made a great progress in terms of increasing the primary education attendance rate and thus has expanded the literacy rate to approximately two third of the population. As the education has enhanced in India this has led to an increase in the economic rise in India. The private education in India constitutes to just 5% although in terms of value estimated is $40 billion in 2008 and which will increase to $68 $70 billion by 2012. Though the education system of India has improved still 25% of the population is illiterate in India, 15% who make it to high school, graduate. Indias post secondary education offers only 7% of Indias age population. 25% of the seats are vacant nationwide and 57% of the college professors lack either a masters or PhD degree. Indias higher education is the 2nd largest after the United States. The main governing body at the tertiary level is the (UGC) i.e. University grants commission which helps in maintaining the standard, advices the government and it helps in the coordination between the centre and the state. The Indian education system has expanded at a very vast and a quick pace by adding 20,000 colleges and more than 8 million students in a decade from 2000 01 to 2010 11. As of 20122, India has over 42 central universities, 275 state universities, 130 deemed universities, 90 private universities, 5 institutions established and functioning under the state Act and 33 institutes of national importance. Other institutions include 33,000 colleges at government degree colleges and private degree colleges. The system of Education in India is highly similar to that of the Anglo Sazon countries. The following are the stages: Nursery Primary Class ( 1 to class 5) Secondary ( class 6 to class 10) Senior Secondary (class 11 Class 12) Graduation (Arts and commerce 3 years, professional 4 years, Medical 5 years) Post graduation (1/2 3 years) The present scenario of the Indian Education system: The present Indian educational system is the implantation of the British rules. Today India is said to be the communication hub and hence it has become very popular with the international students from all around the world. The Indian education has become highly attractive because of its forward thinking, its popularity with large multinational companies, and also because of English being the most common language of communication. According to Peter Ducker, India has become a super power house very fast, the medical school in Delhi is now said to be perhaps the best in the world. The technical graduates of the Indian institute of technology, Bangalore are as good as any in the world. Also India has 150 million people for whom English is the main language so indeed India is becoming a knowledge center. Education In UK: Education in UK is a devolved matter with all of the countries of UK having separate systems under separate governments: that is the UK government is responsible for England, and the Scottish Government, the Welsh Government and the Northern Ireland Executive are responsible for Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, respectively. UK offers an inclusive range of academic and vocational qualifications in virtually all field and subject for students of all stages and ages of their education. A wide range of institutions or universities in Uk offers courses in each level from schools, colleges and higher education. In all the levels other than the primary education students can choose to study towards the wide variety of different qualifications. Education in UK is mandatory for everyone between the ages of 5 and 16 and it is been provided by 2 kinds of schools: state 0 funded schools and independent/ fee charging schools. In the highly competitive global economy the educational performance of the UK population is below the standard of the best performing OECD countries. This is reflected in the UKs relatively low secondary school completion rates. It is because of the current situation of the secondary school system has led to the creation of new diplomas to provide young students with alternative routes into continuing education and work. In higher education sphere there are 169 British Universities offering world class studies to 2.4 million young people, around 1 in 8 of whom comes from overseas .The UK is the second largest provider of higher education for international students. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: The study has been conducted with the following objectives in mind: To know the opinion of Indian students studying in the UK on education system of UK and India. Which education system provides with greater insight and understanding. To identify which education system will provides with more practical knowledge. Which education system provides with greater value and opportunities for future? PROBLEM STATEMENT: To analyze the difference of management education system between India and UK METHODOLOGY: METHODOLOGY: The study was undertaken by using both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected with the help of a structured questionnaire which was personally canvassed. Around 50 Indian students were surveyed to understand the opinion of Indian students on the education system of UK and India. All the students interviewed were between the age group of 18 to 25 years. The questionnaire contained questions related to education system in India and UK. Primary data was also collected by doing a Face to Face In- depth survey of the students to get the insight of the students regarding their opinion towards the education system of India and UK. Secondary data was collected through internet, newspaper, magazine etc. Secondary data will help in analyzing the education system in both the countries. Sampling: The samples of 50 Indian students have been collected from the student mansion and Birkbeck University for Quantitative research and sample of 5 has been take for face to face survey of the students. Sample Size: The sample size of 50 has been collected in which there will be a structured questionnaire and sample of 5 has been chosen for qualitative survey. The study requires and in depth survey so as to know the insight of the students regarding the education system in both the countries. PRIMARY RESEARCH: Primary research was undertaken by doing a survey of 50 International students. A structured questionnaire was prepared on questions relating to education system in UK and India. Graphical representation of the survey Which countries teaching do you prefer? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage India 22 22*100/50 44% UK 28 28*100/50 56% Analysis: The project was undertaken to analyze the opinion of Indian students towards the education system of UK and India with a sample size of 50 students, the respondents were asked which country classroom teaching do they prefer? 22 out of 50 responded India i.e. 44%. And 28 out of 50 responded UK i.e. 56%. Therefore from the above analysis it is clear that the Indian students who have experienced the education system of both the countries that is UK and India prefer UK teaching methodology. Which education system provides you with greater practical knowledge? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage India 15 15*100/50 30% UK 35 35*100/50 70% Analysis: Since out of 50 sample size chosen, 15 out of 50 i.e. 30% responded that Indian education provides then with less practical knowledge and 35 out of 50 i.e. 70% responded that UK education provides them with greater practical knowledge. Therefore from the above analysis it is clear that the education in UK is more practical based and provides students with more insight and understanding about the topic which will help the students in the competitive world in the near future after the completion of their course. 2.1) If UK, why do you find this education system more practical based? FREQUENCY More of industrial visits 29 Class room based activity 12 Primary research assignment 17 Role plays 20 Others 7 Analysis: In the above (2) question when asked which education provides you with greater practical knowledge 70% students responded UK. When asked why they find UK education system more practical based. Out of 50 students, 29 students responded there are more of industrial visits, 12 responded because of class room based activity, 17 responded because of primary research assignment, 20 responded because of role plays. Therefore from the above analysis it is clear that maximum students who find UK education more practical based is because there are more number of industrial visits, primary research assignments, classroom based activity etc. 2.2) If India , why do you find this education system more practical based? FREQUENCY More of industrial visits 14 Class room based activity 12 Primary research assignment 7 Role plays 28 Others 19 Analysis: In the above (2) question when asked which education provides you with greater practical knowledge 30% students responded India. When asked why they find Indian education system more practical based. Out of 50 students, 14 students responded there are more of industrial visits, 12 responded because of class room based activity, 7 responded because of primary research assignment, 28 responded because of role plays. Therefore from the above analysis it is clear that in India there is not much of practical based studies for students. There is less number of field trips, primary research assignments and classroom based activity. What according to you should India adapt from UK teaching? FREQUENCY Openness 27 Citing practical examples 35 Improvement in technological advancement 22 Others 13 Analysis: Out of the 50 students surveyed, when asked what should India adapt from UK classroom teaching, 27 students responded openness in terms of interaction with the faculty, asking them questions etc. 35 students responded that the faculty in India should cite more of practical examples rather than bookish knowledge.22 students responded that there should be improvement in the technology .and 13 students responded others. How far is India lagging behind in comparison to UK in terms of use of technology? FREQUENCY CALCULATE PERCENTAGE Very Much 18 18*100/50 36% Not so much 25 25*100/50 50% Not at all 7 7*100/50 14% Analysis: since out of the 50 sample size chosen, when students were asked does India lag behind in terms of technology 18 out of 50 i.e. 36% responded very much, 25 out of 50 i.e. 50 % responded not so much and 7 out of 50 i.e. 14% responded not at all. Therefore from the above analysis it is clear that India requires improvement in technology. Which education system is more liberal in teaching? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage India 15 15*100/50 30% UK 35 35*100/50 70% Analysis: Out of the sample size of 50, when students were asked which education system they find more liberal, 15 out of 50 i.e. 30% responded India and 35 out of 50 i.e. 70% responded UK. Therefore from the above analysis it is clear that UK is more liberal in its attitude as compared to India. Which education system do you find more exam oriented? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage Indian education system 31 31*50/100 63% UK education system 29 29*50/100 37% Analysis: Out of the sample size of 50, when asked which education system you find more exams oriented? 31 out of 50 i.e. 63% responded that Indian education system is exam oriented and rest 29 out of 50 i.e. 37% responded that UK education system is less exam oriented. Therefore from the above analysis it states that because of the pressure from the faculty and parents or to get a good placement in future marks are essential and hence a lot of importance is given to exams in India where as on the other hand in UK they focus more on understanding of the subject rather than cramming up on the topic and writing in the exam. In which country do you get more acknowledgement and respect to your views and opinions? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage India 11 11*100/50 21% UK 39 39*100/50 79% Analysis: from the survey conducted, when students were asked in which country you find more comfortable to express your views and opinions? 11 out of 50 i.e. 21% students responded in India and 39 out of 50 i.e. 79% responded in UK. Hence from the above analysis it states that students find it more comfortable to express their views and ideas in UK. An idea or opinion which is been stated by a particular student is appreciated as people here are more open to ideas and are not conservative. Which country provides you with greater opportunities for future? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage India 33 33*100/50 66% UK 17 17*100/50 34% Analysis: From the survey conducted, when the students were surveyed which country provides them with greater opportunities for future 33 out of 50 responded India and 17 out of 50 responded UK. Therefore from the above analysis it is clear that India provides with greater opportunities in terms of future growth. Which curriculum is more managed and structured? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage India 22 22*100/50 44% UK 28 28*100/50 56% Analysis: The survey that was conducted, when the students were asked which curriculum do they find more managed and structured? 22 out of 50 i.e India and 28 out of 50 i.e. 56% responded UK. Thus from the above analysis it shows that the study pattern is more organized in UK as compared to India. In which country would you advice your friends, family for studies? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage India 21 21*100/50 42% UK 29 29*100/50 58% Analysis: Out of the 50 students that were surveyed, when students were asked in which country would you prefer your friends and family for studies? 22 out of 50 i.e. 44% responded India and 28 out of 50 i.e. 56% responded UK. Thus from the above analysis it shows that students would prefer their friends and family to study in UK over India. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH: Face to face in- depth survey was conducted of 5 students in order to know the insight of the students. Unstructured questions were asked to students in order to know what they feel about the education system of UK and India. The following are the view points of the students: As compared to India students find UK education is more practical based in terms of visiting industrial. The example that was cited by the students was that back in India they have studied the theoretical perspective of the subject. But when they went for industrial visit here they could relate what they had studied in the past and could thus apply in future when they work for an organization. They got to know about the various lines of processes. Students mentioned how class room activity helps them to think out of the box. Students in UK have given a stipulated time and in that time frame they need to come up with a role play where in they have to come up with a solution of the problem. This enables the students to think swiftly and think in other directions. They even mentioned how case studies are given in each class after the theoretical summary about the subject. Real time cases are been given to students so that students can read the entire case and thus analyze the situation and thus discussing the problem in class and providing solution for the same. The students have mentioned about technology which is more advanced in UK as compared to India. In UK everything can be operated on the podium starting from switching off the lights, opening and shutting the window chick, the projector screen etc which saves a lot of time. They have spoken about how liberal UK is in its attitude while teaching. The faculty here believes in breaking the standard barrier of thinking in one direction and to think in various directions for proving a solution to a problem. Some of the students have even mentioned that even if in UK the emphasis on exams is not to that extent as compared to India, this even leads to students not taking exams seriously. Even though understanding of the subject is essential a base for the subject is essential which can be acquired by reading the theory. Hence students feel emphasis on exams should give to acquire more in depth knowledge. Students when surveyed mentioned that more opportunities for future placement for a job and for future growth is more seen in India as compared to India. FINDINGS: From the above research conducted by Quantitative and Qualitative the following are the findings: The Education System of UK is more practical based as compared to India as it provides students with more to industrial visit which helps the students to gain knowledge about the processes and workings that are undertaken. In UK they find their ideas and views to be acknowledged and respected and are even appreciated thus motivating the students to accomplish what they desire in future. The faculty in UK provides students with their real life experiences rather than the giving bookish example. Students find the opportunity for job or placement in India as compared to UK. The opportunity for future growth is seen in India as compared to UK. The education system in UK ensures students to have great amount of exposure in terms of solving case studies, class room activity on an everyday basis. On contrary the education system in India ensures students to participate more in role plays rather than field trips. The attitude in expressing views and opinions in Indian education system lacks openness. There is lack of technical advancement in India as compared to UK which saves a lot of time and energy of students and faculty as well. The education system in India is more exam oriented as compared to UK which is in a way vital as the students will not take their studies liberally. RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESSTIONS: In India students must be taken to various Industrial visits in order to get them a greater insight of the working of management processes, working inside the organization. Indian Education system must have brainstorming sessions for students so that they can think out of the box and express their opinions and views. Indian Education system must have brainstorming sessions for students so that they can think out of the box and express their opinions and views. As compared to UK, India is lagging behind technology. Hence use of technology in a better way to enhance the learning experience of students thus saving time, cost and energy. There should be many more courses in India which concentrates on research fields only for the companies. As India is more exam oriented than UK, UK education system should have more emphasis on exam this would increase their knowledge to a great extent. ANNEXURE 1 QUESTIONNARE NAME: COURSE: Which countries teaching do you prefer? INDIA UK Which education system provides you with greater practical knowledge? INDIA UK 2.1) If UK, why do you find this education system more practical based? More of Industrial Visits Class room based activity Primary based assignment Role plays Other ) If India , why do you find this education system more practical based? More of Industrial Visits Class room based activity Primary based assignment Role plays Other What according to you should India adapt from UK teaching? Openness Citing Practical examples Improvement in technological advancement Others How far is India lagging behind in comparison to UK in terms of use of technology? Very Much Not so much Not at all Which education system is more liberal in teaching? INDIA UK Which education system do you find more exam oriented? Indian education system UK Education System In which country do you get more acknowledgement and respect to your views and opinions? INDIA UK Which country provides you with greater opportunities for future? INDIA UK Which curriculum is more managed and structured? INDIA UK In which country would you advice your friends, family for studies? INDIA UK

Product Line Study of Wockhardt Hospital by Shezah Salam

About Wockhardt Hospital Group Wockhardt hospital, a subsidiary of Wockhardt ltd. , is India’s leading super specialty hospital chain with branches in Mumbai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Nagpur, Nasik, Surat , Rajkot, Kalyan and Bhavnagar. As associate hospitals of Harvard Medical, USA in India, Wockhardt hospitals benefit from the extensive learning and experience of Harvard Medical School and its affiliated institutions world-wide. This association helps Wockhardt Hospitals to stay at the forefront of medical technology and techniques, way ahead of others. Wockhardt Hospitals, Mumbai, has become the first superspeciality hospital in South Asia to achieve accreditation from Joint Commission International (JCI), USA. JCI is the gold standard in global healthcare standards. With this, Wockhardt Hospitals joins an exclusive group of 71 hospitals worldwide, which have passed JCI’s stringent clinical quality standards. Their dedication to build a patient driven environment through the creation and exchange of knowledge is the decisive factor for their success. They constantly strive to upgrade the knowledge and competence of our human resources by constantly training with methodologies that meet global standards. Members of their medical team extensively travel to some of the best healthcare centers and teaching Institutions across the world to update their knowledge and acquire new competencies to hone their skills. The quality of healthcare services at their group hospitals in India is at par with the best centres anywhere in the world at a fraction of the cost in US, UK and Canada. Core Competencies Being a Specialty hospital, Wockardt’s core competencies lie in the following fields: †¢ Neurology and Neurosurgery †¢ Heart and cardiac care †¢ Cardio Thoracic and Vascular surgery †¢ Orthopedics and Joint Replacements †¢ Minimal Invasive surgery Wockhardt Product Line Based on the core competencies of the hospital, Wockhardt Hospitals offers the following highly specialized services known as their ‘centers of excellence’: 1. Wockhardt Heart –Care A center for excellence in interventional Cardiology and Cardiac Surgeries in the country, it has to its name a history of path-breaking procedures, be it the first-ever Conscious Off Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery and Awake Heart Surgery in India. Collectively Wockhardt group hospitals have now have tremendous experience of performing over 40000 Cardiac Surgeries and 75000 interventional cardiology procedures since its inception The same expertise and care is now available across various cities of India where Wockhardt Superspecialty Hospitals have been set up and each one of them have a Wockhardt Heart Care. These heart care are also a teaching center for clinicians from the sub-continent and now a preferred destination for cardiac patients not only from India but also from all over the US, UK, Canada, Middle East and Africas. According to the Wockhardt heart care philosophy, a life isn't saved until it is fully redeemed. Which means that anyone who comes in with a heart ailment, is not healed until they go back to their normal life, exactly like it was before. This is why Wockhardt treats surgery as just another stepping stone in the complete healing process. Their post operative facilities stand testimony to this belief. Their advanced rehabilitative care included dedicated nutritionists, dieticians, fitness equipment, counselors and our infection control policies; just a few initiatives that see you through the road to recovery. 2. Wockhardt Brain and Spine Care Wockhardt Brain & Spine specialties in Bangalore and Mumbai provides advanced micro-surgical techniques to treat complex Brain & Spine disorders. This super specialty center is amongst the few in Asia equipped with most advanced Neuro-navigation and Endoscopic facilities to perform complex brain and spine neurosurgeries. Wockhardt Brain & Spine Care has a vastly experienced team of Neurosurgeons and Neurologists, backed by the most comprehensive neuro-diagnostic and imaging facilities, positions the hospital among the best in the region. Neurological services extend to the very latest in diagnostic equipment such as EEG, ENMG, and Video-monitoring, 1. 5 Tesla MRI and 64-Slice CT Scan. 3. Bone and Joint Center The Wockhardt Bone & joint Care has evolved as the Centre of Excellence for joint replacement surgeries and is equipped to treat all types of musculo-skeletal problems ranging from surgeries to minimally invasive Arthroscopic surgeries. The Wockhardt Bone and Joint Care is equipped to treat all types of musculo-skeletal problems ranging from Trauma Surgery to Minimally Invasive Arthroscopy Surgery. The hospital also specilalises in surgery for joint replacements, sports medicine, ligament repair, knee surgery, spine surgery and physical therapy for rehabilitation. Wockhardt Bone & Joint Care has complete technology and advanced skills to perform Microscopic Lumber & Cervical Discectomy, Endo-scopic Spine Surgery and Arthroscopic surgeries such as Ligament Reconstruction in the knee, Subacromial Decom-pression in the shoulder. 4. Minimal Access Surgery The Wockhart Minimal Access Surgery Hospital is equipped with High-end technology to perform precision surgery in this newly developed modality of surgical treatment, which until recently required large incisions on the human body. It encompasses operative procedures for the nervous system, ENT, thorax, abdomen, urinary tract, reproductive system and joints. This technology not only minimises surgical trauma, pain and blood loss but also shortens hospitalisation and improves aesthetics. Traditionally surgeons had to cut wide and deep (Incision) to reach (Access) organs for large incisions caused pain, were prone to infections/ hernia and often rendered poor cosmetic results. These factors were the underlying cause of significant mortality and morbidity. Minimal Access Surgery (MAS) makes it possible for surgeons to reach (Access) various organs in the body cavities through small incisions (Minimal). Wockhardt Minimal Access Surgery Hospital has acquired complete State-of –the-art range of endoscopic technology required for carrying our minimal access surgery. These include: Endovision Tricam SL, Harmonic Scalpel, Medical grade monitor, CO2 Insufflator and a wide range of high precision instruments. 5. Hip-resurfacing centre Wockhardt provides high quality and cost effective hip replacement surgery services. Their Minimally Invasive Hip Resurfacing/ Replacement Surgery: Removes only unhealthy bone and replaces it with a metal on metal articulation. †¢ It preserves the normal bone of the hip – patients can squat, sit cross-legged without the risk of dislocation. †¢ Everlasting – based on 35-year history in Birmingham of metal on metal implants. †¢ Excellent restoration of full function. †¢ Femo ral head remains viable after BHR surgery. It does not sacrifice normal bone during primary surgery. †¢ Activity restriction not required after surgery, as there is hardly any risk of dislocation. Patient can indulge in full sporting activities without risk of dislocation. Patients have gone back to sports like competitive Judo and Squash after surgery. †¢ Overall 99% success rate – ideal option for the younger or more active patient 6. Women Care Wockhardt Hospitals Woman Care program is a culmination of strengths derived from our association with HMI, and conceptualized in line with the world renowned Harvard associated Brigham & Women’s Hospital. A 30, 000 sq ft area is exclusively dedicated to Woman care with consultation suites, delivery rooms, operating rooms, dedicated to obstetrics, a 12-bed neo-natal ICU & a nursery. Our Woman health care programmes, besides minimal access gynaecological services, also include preventive clinics (early diagnosis of breast, uterine, ovarian and cervical cancer), Infertility clinics & Menopausal clinics. Other services offered by Wockhardt: †¢ Liver Transplant and Digestive Diseases †¢ Joint Replacements †¢ Women and Child Care †¢ Trans Nasal Brain Tumor Surgery †¢ Urology and Andrology †¢ Obesity Surgery †¢ Dental Care †¢ Surgical Oncology †¢ Parkinson's Disease Surgery Product Mix |Heart Care |Brain and Spine | |A. CARDIO – THORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERIES |Spinal Surgeries | | |[pic] | | |Microscopic lumbar discectomy or decompression | | | | |[pic] |[pic] | |Beating Heart Bypass Surgery (Off – Pump Coronary|Microscopic anterior cervical discectomy | |Bypass Surgery) | | |[pic] | |[pic] |Endoscopic discectomy | |Conscious Off Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery| | |- COPCAB (Awake Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery |[pic] | |-ACAB) |Spinal decompression with or without fusion | | | | |[pic] |[pic] | |On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery |Endoscopic fusion of spine | | | | |[pic] |[pic] | |Redo Bypass Surgery |Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy | | | | |[pic] |Degenerative Disc Disease | |Valve Surgery |[pic] | | |Minimally-invasive spinal fusion and advanced instrumentation | |[pic] | | |MVR with Correction of Atrial fibrillation using |[pic] | |Maze III Procedure |Total disc replacement surgery | | | | |[pic] |[pic] |Vascular Surgery |Spinal deformity corr ection and stabilization | | | | |[pic] |[pic] | |Thoracic & Pulmonary Surgeries |Endoscopic fusion of spine | | | | |[pic] |[pic] | |Adult & Paediatric Open Heart Surgeries |Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy | | | | | |Osteoporosis of the spine | | |[pic] | | |Vertebroplasty | | | | |B. INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY PROCEDURES |[pic] | | |Kyphoplasty | | | | | |[pic] | |[pic] |Spondylolisthesis | |Coronary Angiography & Angioplasty (both Femoral | | |& Radial Approach) |[pic] | | Posterior spinal instrumentation | |[pic] | | |Angiogram & Angioplasty of arteries of Neck, Leg |Abnormal curvature within the spine-scoliosis | |, Arm, Kidney | | | | | |[pic] |[pic] | |Permanent pacemaker (Single & Double Chamber) |Thoracoscopic deformity correction | | | | |[pic] |[pic] | |Valvuloplasty |Posterior correction of Scoliosis or Kyphosis with instrumentation | | | | |[pic] | | |EP Study Diagnostic & Ablation | | | |Other spine surgeries | |[pic] |[pic] | |ASD closure with device |Tuberculosis of Spine – Thoracoscopic Spinal Surgery with Para spinal abscess | | |drainage | | | | | |[pic] | | |Spine Tumor Surgery | | | | |C. CARDIAC REHABILITATION PROGRAMME |[pic] | | |Spine Trauma | | | | | |Brain surgeries | | |[pic] | | |Microsurgery for Brain Tumors | | | | | |[pic] | | |Endoscopic Brain Surgery | | | | | |[pic] | | |Trans Nasal Endoscopic Brain Tumor Removal | | | | | |[pic] | | |Skull Base Surgery | | | | | |[pic] | | |Brain Trauma Surgery | | | | |[pic] | | |Congenital Cranial Deformity | | | | | |[pic] | | |Stereotactic Brain Surgery for Tumor and Functional Neurosurgery | | | | | |[pic] | | |Craniofacial Surgery with FMS (Facio-Maxillary Surgery) | | | | | |[pic] | | |Brain Surgery for Abnormal Blood Vessels | | | | | |[pic] | | |Brain Surgery for Epilepsy | | | | | |[pic] | | |Brain Surgery for Removal of Blood Clots | | | | | |[pic] | | |Interventional/ Neuro-endovascular Therapy for Cerebro-vascular Diseases and Tumor| | | | | |[pic] | | |Interventional/ Neuro-endovascular Therapy for Cerebro-vascular Diseases and Tumor| | | | Product Mix (contd. ) Bone and join t care |Minimal access surgery |Women Care |Hip Replacement |Other Specialties | |Arthroscopic surgery:Key hole | |The NEST – Bithing Services |Minimally invasive hip |Liver Transplant and | |surgery for disorders of knee and | | |replacement surgery |Digestive Diseases | |shoulder |[pic] |LDRP birthing suites, Private | | | |Minimal Access Spine surgery |DIAGNOSTIC ENDOSCOPY |deluxe, Twin-deluxe and multi-bed | |Joint Replacements | |Hip Resurfacing | |Painless deliveries | | | |Paediatric Bone & Joint Surgeries |[pic] |Management of high risk | |Women and Child Care | |Fracture Treatment |Upper GI Scopy |pregnancies/Late pregnancies | | | |Sports Medicine | |The Lamaze Classes | |Trans Nasal Brain Tumor| |Speciality Clinic for Arthritis |[pic] |Ante-natal classes | |Surgery | |Trauma & Pain Management |Colonoscopy | | | | |Osteoporosis | |Clinics | |Urology nd Andrology | |Lifestyle Modification Programme |[pic] | | | | |(Rehabilitation) |ERCP |Menopause Clinic | |Obesity S urgery | |Patient Education Programme | |Infertility Clinic | | | |Total Knee Replacement |[pic] |Adolescent Clinic | |Dental Care | |Unicondylar Knee Replacement |Bronchoscopy | | | | |Total Hip Replacement | |Minimal Access Gynaecological | |Surgical Oncology | |Hip Resurfacing / Surface | |Surgeries | | | |Replacement Arthroplasty | | | |Parkinson's Disease | |Shoulder Replacement |[pic] |Laproscopic hysterectomy | |Surgery | |Neck & Elbow Replacement |EMERGENCY LAPAROSCOPY |Laproscopic tubectomy | | | | | |Laproscopic overectomy | | | | |[pic] | | | | | |LAPAROSCOPIC PROCEDURES |Operative Gynaecological Surgeries | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] |Hyserectomy | | | | |Hernia procedures |Ovarian cysts | | | | | |Malignancies | | | | |[pic] Surgeries on the fallopian tube | | | | |Gallbladder stones and liver |Removal of fibroids | | | | |procedures: | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | |Procedures on esophagus/ | | | | | |myotomy | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | |Nissen fundopli cation | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | |Procedures on the stomach | | | | | |cancer | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | |Procedures on the small | | | | | |intestine | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | |Procedures on pancreas | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | |Procedures on other organs | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | |Hepatic Resection for | | | | | |Malignant Liver | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | |VIDEO ASSISTED THORACIC | | | | |SURGERY | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | |LAPAROSCOPIC COLONIC | | | | | |CANCER/RECTAL CANCER SURGERY | | | | | | | | | | Product Hierarchy Product analysis: Wockhardt Heart Care With its latest technological advances and ethical management practices Wockhardt pledges to provide international standard cardiac care to its patients. Wockhardt Heart Care, with the best Cardiac Surgeons, Cardiologist & Medical Staff delivers wor ld standard heart care with the highest degree of convenience, care and compassion at a reasonable cost. ore Branding Strategy: â€Å"Heart is Wockhardt† is how Wockhardt Hospital and Heart Institute has come to be known as since the past 17 years. A center for excellence in interventional Cardiology and Cardiac Surgeries in the country, it has to its name a history of path-breaking procedures, be it the first-ever Conscious Off Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery and Awake Heart Surgery in India. The Wockhardt branding strategy concentrates on depicting an image of overall heart care. According to the Wockhardt philosophy a life isn’t saved until it’s completely redeemed. This is why they treat surgery as just another stepping stone in the complete healing process. Another facet in the 360 degree care they offer. Pricing Startegy: With Wockhardt Hospitals, even the most cost-sensitive traveler can get the best and most specialized services and luxury amenities. Procedure / Treatment |Wockhardt Hospitals, India ($) |USA ($) |UK (GBP) | |Open Heart |8,500 |100,000 |20,000 | |Surgery (CABG) | | | | |Total Knee |7,000 |48,000 |15,000 | |Replacement | | | | |Hip Resurfacing |8,500 |55,000 |15,000 | |LA Hysterectomy |4 ,500 |22,000 |6,000 | |Lap Cholcystectomy |4,500 |18,000 |4,000 | |Spinal Decompression Fusion |8,500 |60,000 |32,100 | |Obesity Surgery |9,800 |65,000 |12,000 | |(Gastric Bypass) | | | | Product Level [pic] Points of Parity of Wockhardt heart care and other hospital chains †¢ Well experienced doctors †¢ Latest technology †¢ Luxurious Ambience †¢ Large variety of surgeries Points of Difference of Wockhardt Heart Care and other Hospital Chains †¢ Rehabilitation Centers (Including dietician, gyms, etc. ) †¢ Greater heart surgery specialties †¢ Tie up with Harvard Medical Association †¢ World Class Services and Facilities †¢ Joint Commision International Accreditation †¢ Ground Breaking Medical Breakthroughs: The Four Prong Strategy: Nobody wanted to treat a 12 year old girl with a congenital cardiac defect of criss-crossed ventricles and arteries. Medication could only do so much and a temporary fix of the valves would only buy time. T he team at Wockhardt Hospitals wanted more for the girl; we wanted to give her a normal life of a 12 year old. It took a whole year of tests and scans and 4 high risks surgeries to re-arrange the girls heart; but it the end we challenged the odds and emerged successful. o The Radio Maze Therapy: Heart specialists at Wockhardt have found an extremely advantageous procedure surgical procedure which will offer a permanent solution during atrial fibrillation – An abnormal fast beating of the heart caused by disturbed electrical discharges. The surgery uses the technique of irrigated radio frequency modified maze procedure, which is performed to treat atrial fibrillation along with an open heart surgery for valve replacement. o Wake-up to a new world: A 78 year old patient walked into Wockhardt Hospitals with chest pain. An emergency angiogram indicated the urgent need for a bypass. The problem ? He was a smoker and affected lungs meant that he could not tolerate general anaesthesia. And he had other complications, like diabetes and renal problems which eliminated heart lung machines. In most other hospitals, this would have been the end of the story. But our team came up with a medical plan to perform a minimally invasive coronary bypass without general anaesthesia or a ventilator support, using the technique called high epidural analgesia. The operation lasted 45 minutes and was a success, and the patient was awake all through. o The Brains behind the heart: A 22 year old was brought to Wockhardt Hospitals with a rare condition. He has a cancerous tumour in his heart. Something that is normally found in the brain. A condition like this is so rare that there isn't even enough medical literature about it. But that didn't stop our team. In an epic surgery that lasted longer than 6 hours, they successfully removed the tumour and literally rebuild a large part of his heart. o The 900gm Miracle: Most hospitals wouldn’t operate on Jonathan. He was four months old and weighed 900grams. He was almost the size of a palm. Jonathan's heart was just one-inch–long and had a one –centimetre fungal mass in the right chamber, which had infected his blood. An open heart surgery was his only chance of survival, but was risky, considering his loss of weight. A risk that most hospitals were not willing to take. They wanted to wait till Jonathan gained more weight, which meant they needed more time. Time is what he did not have. But the team at Wockhardt had belief. Belief in their skills and belief that they would save Jonathan's life. The six hour surgery was a success. Jonathan was reborn. ———————– Marketing Management: A product line study of Study by Shezah Salam Roll no: 2120

World Without Mosquitoes

Mosquitoes are known to have been on Earth for more than a hundred years and in that long period of covering with different species they cease to be recognized as pests and disease spreading organisms that kills nearly one million people each year. This disadvantage to our community has led to the consideration of wiping them off the surface of the Earth. Primarily, this Idea would be beneficial to humans since not only the nuisance but also the spread of a number of pathogenic diseases would stop.However, while the study attempts to accentuate the benefit of eradicating hem it fails to elaborate its main problem and that is on how to actually get rid of the organism. This has become the study prior limiting factor for the reason that existing methods for killing mosquitoes have not yet been fully developed by scientists. All the more now since this organism manages to still exist and become resistant to the less toxic materials being used on them. Unfortunately the supposedly more e ffective yet at the same time more toxic chemical would be dangerous to man's health which should not be taken lightly by all means. The Idea of eradicating mosquitoes becomes concerned with the concept of sustainability with regard to Its economic and social sector. This involves the economy since funding Is given to health organizations most especially to countries with high malaria burden.While In the concept of social, since the welfare of the human beings is primary given importance the obvious benefit is that more lives will be saved and will no longer be infected by the diseases. However, the downside to this issue is that it would add to the increase in human population. Admittedly, the death and infection of humans for many years may be tragic but in the obvious sense t is nature's way of regulating its population. The research paper wants to point out that eradicating mosquitoes would not have serious consequences for ecosystems.Some scientists think that the removal of th e organism would â€Å"heal quickly' as the niche would be filled with other species. A raised concern could be that if the study has stated that only a few hundred species bother or bite humans, the Idea of totally eradicating the organism Is put Into question. Different studies have already proven that some species are useful as well as beneficial to other organisms. Despite all that, it is still becomes evident that unmans do not benefit from the mosquitoes.The benefit being presented is somewhat overshadowed by giving importance to â€Å"human comfort† based on what becomes the prevailing theme of the study. It was observed that the assumptions made in the study had similar notions. It all had the point of directly stating that the loss of the mosquitoes would be somewhat insignificant and they have not been much of a benefit to humans at all. However it is a good thing the study had shown objectivity by also presenting studies that come to show the organism's benefit to other organisms as well.The deferent ideas that have been Injected are supported by evidence. However, It Is good to take note of the study degree of uncertainty. It was also observed that some conclusions were not yet backed up by other studies and most of these were Just concluded through other people's research. And although there is that sense of objectivity, there is the would not be needed in this world. An improvement to this study could have been showing more certainty through different supporting evidences and that being more objective to the issue could have made readers think more critically.

Cuba The Bay of Pigs Invasion (1961)

In April of 1961, the United States government sponsored an attempt by Cuban exiles to assault Cuba and overthrow Fidel Castro and the communist government he led. The exiles were well armed and trained in Central America by the   CIA (Central Intelligence Agency). The attack failed because of the selection of a poor landing site, inability to disable the Cuban Air Force and overestimation of the Cuban people’s willingness to support a strike against Castro. The diplomatic fallout from the failed Bay of Pigs invasion was considerable and led to an increase of cold war tensions. Background Since the Cuban Revolution of 1959, Fidel Castro had grown increasingly antagonistic towards the United States and their interests. The   Eisenhower and Kennedy administrations authorized the CIA to come up with ways to remove him: attempts were made to poison him, anticommunist groups inside Cuba were actively supported, and a radio station beamed slanted news at the island from Florida. The CIA even contacted the mafia about working together to assassinate Castro. Nothing worked. Meanwhile, thousands of Cubans were fleeing the island, legally at first, then clandestinely. These Cubans were mostly upper and middle class who had lost properties and investments when the communist government took over. Most of the exiles settled in Miami, where they seethed with hatred for Castro and his regime. It didn’t take the CIA long to decide to make use of these Cubans and give them the chance to overthrow Castro. Preparation When word spread in the Cuban exile community of an attempt to re-take the island, hundreds volunteered. Many of the volunteers were former professional soldiers under   Batista, but the CIA took care to keep Batista cronies out of the top ranks, not wanting the movement to be associated with the old dictator. The CIA also had its hands full keeping the exiles in line, as they had already formed several groups whose leaders often disagreed with one another. The recruits were sent to Guatemala, where they received training and weapons. The force was named the Brigade 2506, after the enlistment number of a soldier who was killed in training. In April 1961, the 2506 Brigade was ready to go. They were moved to the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua, where they made their final preparations. They received a visit from Luà ­s Somoza, dictator of Nicaragua, who laughingly asked them to bring him some hairs from Castro’s beard. They boarded different ships and set sail on April 13. Bombardment The US Air Force sent bombers to soften up Cuba’s defenses and take out the small Cuban Air Force. Eight B-26 Bombers left from Nicaragua on the night of April 14-15: they were painted to look like Cuban Air Force planes. The official story would be that Castro’s own pilots had rebelled against him. The bombers hit airfields and runways and did manage to destroy or damage several Cuban aircraft. Several people working at the airfields were killed. The bombing raids did not destroy all of Cuba’s airplanes, however, as some had been hidden. The bombers then â€Å"defected† to Florida. Air strikes continued against Cuban airfields and ground forces. Assault On April 17, the 2506 Brigade (also called the â€Å"Cuban Expeditionary Force†) landed on Cuban soil. The brigade consisted of over 1,400 well-organized and armed soldiers. Rebel groups within Cuba had been notified of the date of the assault and small-scale attacks broke out all over Cuba, although these had little lasting effect. The landing site which had been selected was the â€Å"Bahà ­a de Los Cochinos† or â€Å"Bay of Pigs† on the southern coast of Cuba, about a third of the way from the westernmost point. It is a part of the island that is sparsely populated and far from major military installations: it was hoped that the attackers would gain a beachhead and set up defenses before running into major opposition. It was an unfortunate choice, as the area selected is swampy and difficult to cross: the exiles would eventually become bogged down. The forces landed with difficulty and quickly did away with the small local militia that resisted them. Castro, in Havana, heard of the attack and ordered units to respond. There were still a few serviceable aircraft remaining to the Cubans, and Castro ordered them to attack the small fleet that had brought the invaders. At first light, the airplanes attacked, sinking one ship and driving off the rest. This was crucial because although the men had been unloaded, the ships were still full of supplies including food, weapons, and ammunition. Part of the plan had been to secure an airstrip near Playa Girà ³n. 15 B-26 bombers were part of the invading force, and they were to land there to carry out attacks on military installations all over the island. Although the airstrip was captured, the lost supplies meant that it could not be put to use. The bombers could only operate for forty minutes or so before being forced to return to Central America to refuel. They were also easy targets for the Cuban Airforce, as they had no fighter escorts. Attack Defeated Later in the day of the 17th, Fidel Castro himself arrived on the scene just as his militiamen had managed to fight the invaders to a stalemate. Cuba had some Soviet-made tanks, but the invaders also had tanks and they evened up the odds. Castro personally took charge of the defense, commanding  troops, and air forces. For two days, the Cubans fought the invaders to a standstill. The intruders were dug in and had heavy guns, but had no reinforcements and were running low on supplies. The Cubans were not as well armed or  trained but had the numbers, supplies and the morale that comes from defending their home. Although airstrikes from Central America continued to be effective and killed many Cuban troops on their way to the fray, the invaders were pushed steadily back. The result was inevitable: on April 19, the intruders surrendered. Some had been evacuated from the beach, but most (over 1,100) were  taken  as prisoners. Aftermath After the surrender, the prisoners were transferred to prisons around Cuba. Some of them were interrogated live on television: Castro himself showed up to the studios to question the invaders and answer their questions when he chose to do so. He reportedly told the prisoners that executing them all would only lessen their great victory. He proposed an exchange to President Kennedy: the prisoners for tractors and bulldozers. The negotiations were long and tense, but  eventually, the surviving members of the 2506 Brigade were exchanged for about $52 million worth of food and medicine. Most of the CIA operatives and administrators responsible for the fiasco were fired or asked to resign. Kennedy himself took responsibility for the failed assault, which severely damaged his credibility. Legacy Castro and the Revolution benefited greatly from the failed invasion. The revolution had been weakening, as hundreds of Cubans fled the harsh economic environment for the prosperity of the United States and elsewhere. The emergence of the US as a foreign threat solidified the Cuban people behind Castro. Castro, always a brilliant orator, made the most of the victory, calling it the first imperialist defeat in the Americas. The American government created a commission to look into the cause of the disaster. When the results came in, there were many causes. The CIA and invading force had assumed that ordinary Cubans, fed up with Castro and his radical economic changes, would rise up and support the invasion. The opposite happened: in the face of the invasion, most Cubans rallied behind Castro. Anti-Castro groups inside Cuba were supposed to rise up and help overthrow the regime: they did rise up but their support quickly fizzled. The most important reason for the failure of the Bay of Pigs was the inability of the US and exile forces to eliminate Cubas air force. With only a handful of planes, Cuba was able to sink or drive off all of the supply ships, stranding the attackers and cutting off their supplies. The same few planes were able to harass bombers coming from Central America, limiting their effectiveness. Kennedys decision to try and keep US involvement a secret had much to do with this: he did not want the planes flying with US markings or from US controlled airstrips. He also refused to allow nearby US naval forces to assist the invasion, even when the tide began to turn against the exiles. The Bay of Pigs was a very important point in relations the Cold War and between the US and Cuba. It made rebels and communists all over  Latin America  look to Cuba as an example of a tiny country that could resist imperialism even when outgunned. It solidified Castros position and made him a hero around the world in countries that were dominated by foreign interests. It is also inseparable from the Cuban Missile Crisis, which occurred barely a year and a half later. Kennedy, embarrassed by Castro and Cuba in the  Bay of Pigs incident,  refused to let it happen again and forced the Soviets to blink first in the standoff over whether or not the   Soviet Union would place strategic missiles in Cuba. Sources: Castaà ±eda, Jorge C.  Compaà ±ero: the Life and Death of Che  Guevara.  New York: Vintage Books, 1997. Coltman, Leycester.  The Real Fidel Castro.  New Haven and London: the Yale University Press, 2003.

Existential Therapy A Matter Of Choices Essay - 1699 Words

Existential Therapy: A Matter of Choices Chara Baines Liberty University Online Abstract Existential therapy is a self-help style of therapy based on choices. Existential therapy focuses on the here and now and the changes an individual can make in their lives if they are willing to honestly explore, self-evaluate, and make changes in their beliefs, traditions, patterns and behavioral issues. Questioning such things as death, the meaning of human existence, God’s existence, and relationships is done through a close client therapist relationship built on trust, transparence and understanding. Existential therapy can help a person determine direction, set and accomplish goals and achieve self-actualization. Existential therapy can also benefit individuals struggling with addiction, anxiety, and depression. Individuals seeking immediate relief, not willing or able to be honest in self-evaluations, have been reprimanded to therapy or resistant to the process are less likely to benefit or make any meaningful progress. With the help of therapy individuals are abl e to ask and seek answers to questions that will help them to aspire to become their true authentic self. History of Existential Therapy Existential therapy rose from the philosophical approach emphasizing that an individual, through acts of free will, determines their own destiny including how one should live their life thus making each individual responsible for his or her choices. AnShow MoreRelatedExistential Therapy: Death, Freedom Self-Awareness Essay1049 Words   |  5 PagesExistential Therapy: Death, Freedom Self-Awareness Some people rely on others to validate who they are, and to give them meaning. However, they must realize that they are alone in this world and they must find meaning from within themselves and not from others. Nevertheless, for many people being alone causes anxiety in which people feel that their life has no meaning. A person can become aware of who they are but not accept who they are while being alone. Existential therapy helps people toRead MoreStudent Studying Architecture And Urban Planning At Pratt Essay1193 Words   |  5 Pagesboyfriend; although she expresses that her break-up does was not the reason she sought out a therapist. April asks Paul, the therapist, if she can write down her reason for coming to therapy, rather than discussing it since she does not feel comfortable speaking about it, or even when others speak about it for that matter (Bergman et. al., 2008). Paul happily allows her to do so, and discovers the real reason April came to see him was because she r ecently found out she is suffering from stage threeRead MoreExistential Psychology1333 Words   |  6 PagesUniversity- Online | Existential Psychology | Journal Reviews | | [Type the author name] | 2/4/2013 | Human beings have natural existential givens; emotions and their expressions, a need for a certain amount of irrationality to stay afloat in a world that bombards them with empirical facts that could easily consume them with enslaving anxiety, and the need to be authenticity courageous and self-aware. Below we are given information that allows us to see into existential psychology and theseRead MorePsychodynamic Approach On Human Nature1108 Words   |  5 Pagesclients will have numerous issues; however, there is no one way to approach the matter. Recently, I completed a Determine your Theoretical Approach inventory. During this inventory, I was asked multiple questions that would determine my approach with dealing with human nature. There are four categories of theoretical approaches for counseling. The four categories are: psychodynamic, cognitive- behavioral, existential- humanistic, and postmodern approach. â€Å"Psychodynamic approach sees human functioningRead MoreThe Exist ential Theory Of Psychology Essay2244 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract Existential theory is only one of many different theories in psychology. This paper will work to help give the reader a better understanding of what Existential theory is, what the common factor accountability is and how the common factor accountability works within the existential theory to help a client and/or therapist gain a better understanding of the choices, thoughts, or behaviors that helped get a client into the position they are in and how holding themselves accountable to theirRead MoreMy Emerging Behavioral Therapy Theory1711 Words   |  7 PagesMy emerging theory employed aspects of therapy from the humanism, existentialism, dialectical behavior, and when necessary exposure therapy. These theories have represented me as a person. As I have presented them here, they through the lens of each other, they work to form one integrative approach. As Rogerian humanism has laid the foundation for ways of being, this theory also incorporated Dr. Marsha Linehan’s structure of dialectical behavioral therapy’s and goals expressed by Yalom in existentialismRead MoreTherapeutic Models, Person Centred And Existential2072 Words   |  9 PagesThis essay will explore two therapeutic models, Person-Centred and Existential, with the aim of understanding the similarities and differences in terms of their fundamental principles, approach and techniques as well as the situations in which they may be best applied. Person-centred therapy was developed by Carl Rogers as a new approach to therapy which put the emphasis on the quality of the relationship between the therapist and client and redefined the roles they would both play in the therapeuticRead MoreHumanistic and Existential Personality Theories Worksheet726 Words   |  3 PagesUniversity of Phoenix Material Humanistic and Existential Personality Theories Worksheet Fill-in the Blank 1. Abraham Maslow proposed the _____Humanistic____________ theory of personality. 2. According to Maslow, self-fulfillment and realization of one’s full potential are examples of ______basic__________ needs. 3. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs proposes that ___lower basic needs_________ needs must be satisfied before ____higher growth________ needs will become motivatorsRead MoreCarl Rogers : A Humanistic Approach1295 Words   |  6 Pagesactual experiences. Carl Rogers not only had a humanistic approach, but he allowed the client full control of his or her therapy sessions. Allowing the client to control his or her therapy sessions gave the client the ability to reach within and figure out what’s causing distress. This type of session is called â€Å"non-directive† (Kirschenbaum, 2014). The article â€Å"Client-Centered Therapy† by Harvard Mental Health notes, â€Å"with this method, the therapist refrains from asking questions. The therapist rarelyRead MoreMeaning Therapy : New Challenges And The Future1514 Words   |  7 Pagesdeath, and misery are dominating the media. It seems like that is all we as humans think about. Psychologist have come up with a type of therapy that is supposed to help people discover and create meanings and values in their lives out of painful experiences. It’s called Meaning Therapy. The idea originated from Viktor Frankl’s logotherapy (Wong 2015). Meaning Therapy (MT) focuses on the positive psychology of making life worth living in spite of suffering and limitations. It gives hope of finding meaning

The Odyssey Of Homer, A Homeric Epic Essay - 1550 Words

The Odyssey of Homer, a Homeric epic translated by Richmond Latimore, has an abundance of women, all of whom fulfill various roles within the narrative. In The Odyssey, women are portrayed as obstacles, or, more specifically, temptations that men need to surmount in order to obtain what they truly desire. As a result, women are associated with negativity in the reader’s mind; however, it is this depiction as negative temptations that grants them power within the epic. Women, such as Penelope, Circe, and Kalypso, act as catalysts who drive the Homeric tale forward. Penelope, in The Odyssey, is depicted as a weak woman, one who is unable to take a stand against the suitors who â€Å"will not go back to [their] own estates, nor will [they] go elsewhere until she marries whichever Achaian man she fancies† (II. 127-128 pg. 42). Marrying Penelope entails receiving a dowry from her father and, of course, some of the wealth that Odysseus has amassed over the years. Antinoos, a suitor, declares that â€Å"she has been denying the desires of the Achaians. For she holds out hope to all, and makes promises to each man, sending [them] messages, but her mind has other intentions† (I. 90-92 pg. 41). The material treasures that are attached to Penelope are what the suitors desire, and what makes her desirable; and, so, Penelope is transformed into the obstacle that the suitors need to â€Å"conquer† in order to reach that ultimate goal of accruing wealth. It could be argued that the wealth that isShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Mysterious H omer, Author of The Odyssey and The Iliad663 Words   |  3 PagesThe Mysterious Homer, Author of The Odyssey and The Iliad   A sketchy figure by the name of Homer is given credit for the two great epic poems of ancient Greece. The Odyssey and The Iliad influenced Greek culture, education, and morality. Little is known about Homer and many scholars question whether he existed at all. (Encarta) Some say two different unknown authors wrote the two poems. (Britannica) Others say that many oral poets were responsible for the finished products. (Britannica) In thisRead MoreHomer: The Most Famous Greek Poet751 Words   |  4 Pages Whether Homer was real or not, a group of people, a boy or a girl; one thing we are sure of is that â€Å"Homer† wrote two of the best epic poems. The Iliad, which was based on the tenth year of the Trojan War and the Odyssey, which was about a guy named Odysseus who goes on many adventures as he tried to get home to his son and his wife. From what we know Homer was the most famous of all Greek poets because of his written works, his legendary history, and his influen tial work. â€Å"Hateful toRead MoreComparing The Iliad And The Odyssey905 Words   |  4 PagesThis short essay will identify five traditional epic characteristics that are evident in both the Iliad and the Odyssey. The first epic characteristic evident in both epics is catalogs and genealogies. For instance, Book VIII of the Odyssey features a list of participants in the game (115-125) and the Iliad Book II features a catalog of ships (484-759). Secondly, both epics start in media res. The Odyssey starts ten years after the Trojan War and the Illiad starts nine years after the start of theRead MoreHomer: Blind or Captive Essay513 Words   |  3 PagesHave you ever wondered who Homer is? Have you ever heard of Homer? Do you know what he wrote? Do you know when he lived? All of these questions will be answered in the following paragraphs. Homer is an interesting man, not much is known about him, and what is known about him is questioned by the â€Å"Homeric Question,† he composed The Iliad and The Odyssey, and that is what his life is based off of. Homer means blind or captive. He was said to be born in 800 BCE, but their is no exact date butRead MoreEssay on Gender in the Odyssey1002 Words   |  5 PagesOdysseus values and character traits serve as a paradigm of the ideal Homeric Greek man. The god-like Odysseus is crafty, valiant, wise, and eloquent. He gains much of his knowledge through travel, the meeting of different cultures and peoples and learns from suffering and mistakes. He is an aristocrat and a warrior of all warriors. We first learn of many of these traits in Homers Iliad. Agamemnon, the commander of the Greek army always calls on Odysseus for assignments that required someoneRead More A Comparison of Homeric Formalism in The Iliad and The Odyssey1339 Words   |  6 PagesHomeric Formalism in The Iliad and The Odyssey Much that is terrible takes place in the Homeric poems, but it seldom takes place wordlessly... no speech is so filled with anger or scorn that the particles which express logical and grammatical connections are lacking or out of place. (from Odysseus Scar by Erich Auerbach)    In his immaculately detailed study comparing the narrative styles of Homer to those of the Bible, Erich Auerbach hits upon one of the most notable intriguesRead More Aeneid and Odyssey - A Comparison between Aeneas, Achilles and Odysseus1031 Words   |  5 PagesAeneid and Odyssey - A Comparison between Aeneas, Achilles and Odysseus      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A comparison between Virgils hero, Aeneas, and the Homeric heroes, Achilles and Odysseus, brings up the question concerning the relevance of the difference between the Homeric heroes and Aeneas. The differences in the poets concerns are explained by the fact that Virgil lived many years after Homer, giving Virgil the advantage of a more developed literary and philosophical society than Homer had at his disposalRead MoreThe Iliad And The Odyssey1060 Words   |  5 PagesHomer once said, â€Å"Hateful to me as the gates of Hades is that man who hides one thing in his heart and speaks another.† (The Iliad pg.405) The quote is relevant to the stories Homer created during the period of the Trojan War. Homer orally performed two of his best works The Iliad and The Odyssey. Homer’s stories are old and probably translated differently than their original telling. Homer’s The Iliad and The Odyssey still show the basic human emotions and are an insp iration to other authors, poetsRead MoreThe Homeric Odyssey By Christopher Mcquarrie And Directed By Bryan Singer831 Words   |  4 PagesThe Homeric Odyssey is a timeless work that shadows the adventures of Odysseus. The main story involves Odysseus’ journey to return home after the Trojan War. Specifically in scrolls 8-12 of the Homeric Odyssey, Homer skips around the journey occasionally to show the audience the construction of the hero of the epic, namely, Odysseus. The events in Homer’s epic are not in chronological order; however, the events are effective on guiding Odysseus as a storyteller. Scrolls 8-12 of the Homeric OdysseyRead MoreComparing The Odyssey And O Brother Where Art Thou1279 Words   |  6 PagesThe â€Å"Odyssey†, one of two major ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer, and â€Å"O Brother Where Art Thou†, a 2000 a film written, produced, and directed by Joel and Ethan Coen. At first thought you would not think the movie â₠¬Å"O Brother Where Art Thou† and â€Å"The Odyssey† have anything in common. It is however, the modern film depiction of the troubles of a man during the depression and is molded by the ancient struggles of Odysseus in Homer’s Odyssey. â€Å"The Odyssey† is about a Greek warrior and is

The Similarities Between Classical Music and Ellingtons free essay sample

Music and Elongations Jazz One of the greatest tragedies In the 20th century can be seen In the debasing of the Jazz genre as a unworthy equal to its predecessor, European Classical music. This can be seen in various statements about Jazz, such as Boris Gabbling commit, The Jazz Mania has taken on the character of a lingering illness and must be cured by means of forceful intervention. l This conflict can be traced through out the history of Jazz, as Classical composers have relatively disregarded this new type of music.Before Duke Elongations Cotton Club performances, Jazz play on the radio was legated for late night audience only. This sub-culture treatment has led many critics to disregard the Jazz movement as a dance craze, or unsuccessful recreations of Classical pieces. This slandering of Jazz has not only created a false image of the music, but it has also lead too full disconnection between the two genres. It is for this reason that I propose in my paper to show the relationship between these two musical categories.My hopes in demonstrating these similarities is to disassemble the schism of Ignorance built between the two, and place both Jazz and Classical music on equal footing. Critics of Jazz have always perpetuated this schism by utilizing the reasoning behind Jazz, that of it being a free form interpretation, to question the legitimacy of calling a Jazz leader a composer. For how can one be styled as a proper composer and still remain true to the Traditional Jazz concepts?The classic composer has at their disposal highly skilled musicians who are trained to work within professional bodies, such as a symphony orchestra or string quartet, and who then relies on the efficiency of these professionally trained bodies to Interpret his scores as he sees fit. On the surface this appears to run contradictory to the Jazz composer whom, Has to write for specific combinations which do not ex ist until he brings them Into being, and to rely on highly individual executable whose personal style must be blended together to give expression to his own ideas without;losing their individuality. Yet to interpret this blending of highly individualistic sounds as proof of a schism between this and the royally structured Classical composer Is a false Impression. This fallacy can be attributed to overemphasized the sporadic and Improvisational aspects of Jazz and refusing to address the simplistic question of how much room is there for personal interpretation within the context of composed writing?Complete artistic improvisational is only accomplished by the single performer, but Yet the moment a group or a collective Improvisational steps in some relatively simple and more or less Inflexible convention becomes essential If mere chaos Is to be kept at bay. 3 This Is why Duke Elongations Orchestra played such an Integrate role In his development of musical scores. It is here that we see the originality of Duke Elongating, for in his tailoring a piece around the performer, he created the impression of pure interpretations within the framework of structure.As Duke once said, Anoth er theory they hold is that there is such thing as a unadulterated improvisation without any preparation or anticipation. It is my firm belief that there have some idea what he was going to play, before he started4 This is an important aspect to bear in mind for this argument, for the mistake that Classical critics make is this distortion of the improvisational aspect to such extremes that one would believe that no compositional writing takes place.While obviously some improvisation happens in Jazz assembles, it is not that extreme, and in Elongations case this improvisation of certain musicians was actually written in the piece. Elongating work is centered on the interplay between written and improvised music. 5 As one can see both types of composers utilize their musicians to express theyre given message and while it is through this utilization that subtle differences arise, it is hardly enough to claim this schism.To most people the infusion of African tonality into Duke Elongations music to create Negro art, questions the connection between European music and Jazz. Here Constant Lambert responds to this. If anyone doubts the essential element of European sophistication in Jazz, it is a simple matter for his to compare a typical piece of Jazz, such as Duke Elongating Swampy River, first with a lyric by Grief and then with a record of African music.It must be clear to even the most prejudiced listener that apart from a few rhythmical peculiarities the Elongating piece has far more in common with the music of Grief6 One must understand that even when Duke infused the two tonalities of music; he still was ob ligated to work within guidelines of the European Harmonic tradition. Yet by him keeping with this tradition he is not obligated to write music in the form of previous composers such as Stravinsky, Mozart, or Bach, for to do that would delegate Elongations music as a duplicate work. Here is the contradiction, for no Classical composer has ever been chastise for creativity in their sound, and yet how do you explain the criticism of Elongations work? The intentional fusing of African and European tonality is nothing more than a continuation of numerous inventive techniques used by musicians as seen in the changing sounds and techniques of Classical music over time? Thus to criticize Duke for his originality one would also have to condemn original composers such as Debussy, whos use of the whole-tone scale, instead of the traditional scale of Western music, allowed him to achieved a new nuances of mood and expression.Music is a universal aspect in which the inherit purpose of composing is expression. In Don Giovanni Mozart treats the interplay of social and sexual tensions with keen insight into human character that transcends the comic framework, Just as Die Jabberer ¶et (1791) transcends, with its elements of ritual and allegory about human harmony and enlighte nment, the world f the Viennese popular theatre from which it springs8 As one can see this expression of the artist is relevant to Classical music, but can the same be said about Jazz?Some critics explain Jazz is nothing more than entertainment, and yet in this declaration these critics overlook the implication of the music. The purpose of Jazz is to express the conditions of the time, and for a critic to denote that the music cannot do so is not only ridicules but logically incorrect. First of all, who knows more about an artists music than the said artist? We know that Don Giovanni has meaning to it cause of the authors intended purpose, thus for Duke Elongations music to have the being asked whether Jazz music will ever be accepted seriously.I think so; and it has to be accepted as serious music because it is the only type which describes this gage if serious music is supposed to be descriptive of a period, then Jazz will have to be used to describe this, the Jazz age. Since I th ink Jazz is serious thing, I must be serious in my choice of song titles. 9 Thus one can see the purpose of Elongations music is to describe the era in which he lives in, very similar to the Classical era composers and the Romantic era imposers.In response to the enjoyably of Elongations music, I admit that Elongations music has melody in which patrons danced to, but the dance-ability of the music is not inherent but rather an interpretation by the targeted audience. As Duke once indicated, No notes represent swing. You cant write swing because swing is the emotional element in the audience. 10 The dance-ability of Jazz cannot be used as a distinguishing character, because one can always point to ballet, the waltz, or other manners of dance perpetuated against the backdrop of classic music.Last, large mount of spectators not only dance to Classical music but attend concert halls to listen to their performer, is this critic also indicating that in hearing Classical music one does not find enjoyment? As one author indicates, Like Mozart he, (referring to D uke Elongating) wrote music specifically designed for dance and concert and, again like Mozart, fudged the distinction between the two by the originality and consistency of his vision. al Thus as one can see that both Jazz and Classical music are reflection of their artists ideals and social conditions, while also consisting of an enjoyable element to their audience. In this ongoing analysis between the similarities of Elongating and Classical music, one must bear in mind the fundamental composition of all music. The basic elements found in the composition of all musical sound is melody, harmony, tone color, texture, rhythm, and form. While all music is created through combining these elements, the unique sound of a specific musical genre is dependent upon the proportion ratio of the mixture. 12 As one can see the originality of Jazz rests not in the creation of new elements, but rather with their unique utilization.An example of this can be seen in the accenting of rhythm in Jazz music hush leading some critics to refer it as Rhythmic music. In all honesty Jazz is neither more or less rhythmic than any other types of music, it Just simply uses rhythm in a different manner. 13 One of the clearest examples between of this link that I have been refereeing to can be seen in Elongations relationship with Delis. Yet Before I make the comparison between Elongations Jazz and Delis European impressionism and lyrical romanticism, a note must be made.I am in no way inferring that either composer played an integrate part in the development of the others style. Elongations sensitive impressionism shows considerable development before his actual encounter with Delis, and there is little proof that Elongations style would have changed if he had not even encountered Delis work. The real connection between these two is in the way they both utilize the impressionist technique in their music. Delis close adherence to the impressionist view can be seen in his focus on the mood or emotion stimulated by a scene.Elongations focus on reactions to events indicates how both composers scale, it is well known that Delis was an admirer of early minstrel shows of the 19th century. 4 These shows were the only theatrical medium in which gifted blacks performers of the period could support themselves and play their m usic. In them we see the employment of great blues singers such as Ma Rainy and Bessie Smith. Yet contrary to their own propaganda, minstrel shows musical repertoire has an only quasi-black influenced, not the full integration that is often portrayed. 5 The connection of this music can also be seen as the embracing of the African slave culture, while the extent of this embracement is arbitrary, the influence is still there. Yet like Gershwin this employment of the African tonality is not as pronounced in Delis, and yet the concept still advocates an unseen bridge between Classical and Elongating. While on the surface it may appear that the influence that ragtime played on Jazz has no relevance in this comparative analysis, the truth is ragtime is very much European.While it is common knowledge that European marching bands had immense influence on the development of ragtime,16 1 have decided to focus on the role of syncopation rhythm. This is made up of two essential elements, first in the placement of stress on a weak beat, and the second is the creation of a strong impulse on a subdivision oaf beat, called an in-between beat. Now weak beats and in-between beets are also known collectively as off beats, hence the rationale on why syncopated rhythm is referred to as a offbeat rhythm.Yet the important factor to remember is, musicians have always employed this type of rhythm as a stylistic method, with the only differential aspect in regards to rag time is the employment on a large-scale basis. Yet to the regard of many critics, a full composition cannot be based solely on this rhyme, thus only difference in the ragtime implications and that f Classical music is the extent of the utilization. Now that we have made the connection between ragtime and Classical the question is now asked, does such a relationship exist for Elongating?If one wanted to see the contribution of ragtime on Elongating, all they had to do was look at his first piece ever composed, Soda Fountain Rag. Elongations early life was spent in the company of the great ragtime pianist whose impact on him as a musician is unfounded. As Elongating himself indicated, Those ragtime pianists sounded so good to me, and they looked so good! Particularly when they flashed their left hands. 17 As one can see, while syncopated rhythm is an integral aspect of Jazz, it is in no way limited only to this musical category. From Bach to Mozart, Beethoven and even Tchaikovsky employed it as a stylistic feature in their pieces. In conclusion, one can see the shared characteristics of the two musical styles. Yet I find myself pressing again the reasoning for this paper, for I must submit that I am in no way declaring that Classical music equates Jazz. The two musical categories are different in numerous ways, but one must wonder does this difference Justify the mistreatment of Jazz. Throughout history great innovations have been created not thought the passive means, but through the torrent fires of dissent.